Litio
3
Li
Grupo
1
Perio
2
Bloko
s
Protonoj
Elektronoj
Neŭtronoj
3
3
4
Ĝeneralaj Propraĵoj
Atoma Nombro
3
Atommaso
6,941
Amasa Nombro
7
Kategorio
Alkalaj metaloj
Koloro
Arĝento
Radioaktiva
Ne
De la Greka vorto lithos, ŝtono
Kristala Strukturo
Korpo Centrita Kubo
Historio
Lithium was discovered by Johann Arfvedson in 1817 when he was analyzing minerals from the island of Uto in Sweden.
The pure metal was isolated the following year by both Swedish chemist William Thomas Brande and English chemist Sir Humphry Davy working independently.
In 1855, larger quantities of lithium were produced through the electrolysis of lithium chloride by Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen.
The pure metal was isolated the following year by both Swedish chemist William Thomas Brande and English chemist Sir Humphry Davy working independently.
In 1855, larger quantities of lithium were produced through the electrolysis of lithium chloride by Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen.
Elektronoj per ŝelo
2, 1
Elektrona Agordo
[He] 2s1
Lithium is the only metal which reacts with nitrogen under normal conditions
Fizikaj Propraĵoj
Fazo
Solido
Denso
0,534 g/cm3
Fandpunkto
453,69 K | 180,54 °C | 356,97 °F
Bolpunkto
1615,15 K | 1342 °C | 2447,6 °F
Varmo de Fuzio
3 kJ/mol
Varmo de Vaporiĝo
147 kJ/mol
Specifa Varmo Kapacito
3,582 J/g·K
Krusta Abundo
0,0017%
Universa Abundo
6×10-7%
CAS Nombro
7439-93-2
PubChem Kunmetita Identiga Nombro
3028194
Atomaj Propraĵoj
Atoma Radiuso
152 pm
Kovalenta Radiuso
128 pm
Elektronegativeco
0,98 (Pauling-skalo)
Potencialo de jonigo
5,3917 eV
Atoma Volumo
13,10 cm3/mol
Termika Kondukto
0,847 W/cm·K
Oksidaj Ŝtatoj
1
Aplikoj
Pure lithium metal is used in rechargeable lithium ion batteries.
Lithium stearate is used as an all-purpose and high-temperature lubricant.
Lithium is used in special glasses and ceramics.
Metallic lithium and its complex hydrides are used as high energy additives to rocket propellants.
Lithium stearate is used as an all-purpose and high-temperature lubricant.
Lithium is used in special glasses and ceramics.
Metallic lithium and its complex hydrides are used as high energy additives to rocket propellants.
Lithium is corrosive and requires special handling to avoid skin contact
Izotopoj
Stabilaj Izotopoj
6Li, 7LiMalstabilaj Isotopoj
4Li, 5Li, 8Li, 9Li, 10Li, 11Li, 12Li