Osmio
76
Os
Grupo
8
Perio
6
Bloko
d
Protonoj
Elektronoj
Neŭtronoj
76
76
114
Ĝeneralaj Propraĵoj
Atoma Nombro
76
Atommaso
190,23
Amasa Nombro
190
Kategorio
Transirmetaloj
Koloro
Ardezgriza
Radioaktiva
Ne
From the Greek word osme, meaning smell
Kristala Strukturo
Simpla Sesangula
Historio
Osmium was discovered in 1803 by English chemist Smithson Tennant in London.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Elektronoj per ŝelo
2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2
Elektrona Agordo
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
Osmium is the least abundant stable element in the Earth's crust
Fizikaj Propraĵoj
Fazo
Solido
Denso
22,61 g/cm3
Fandpunkto
3306,15 K | 3033 °C | 5491,4 °F
Bolpunkto
5285,15 K | 5012 °C | 9053,6 °F
Varmo de Fuzio
31 kJ/mol
Varmo de Vaporiĝo
630 kJ/mol
Specifa Varmo Kapacito
0,13 J/g·K
Krusta Abundo
1,8×10-7%
Universa Abundo
3×10-7%
Bildaj kreditoj: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
Osmium crystals produced by chemical transport reaction in chlorine gas
CAS Nombro
7440-04-2
PubChem Kunmetita Identiga Nombro
23937
Atomaj Propraĵoj
Atoma Radiuso
135 pm
Kovalenta Radiuso
144 pm
Elektronegativeco
2,2 (Pauling-skalo)
Potencialo de jonigo
8,4382 eV
Atoma Volumo
8,49 cm3/mol
Termika Kondukto
0,876 W/cm·K
Oksidaj Ŝtatoj
-2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Aplikoj
Osmium is used alloyed with other metals in the platinum group to produce very hard alloys.
Osmium alloys are used in the tips of fountain pens, instrument pivots, and electrical contacts
Osmium tetroxide has been used in fingerprint detection and in staining fatty tissue for optical and electron microscopy.
Osmium alloys are used in the tips of fountain pens, instrument pivots, and electrical contacts
Osmium tetroxide has been used in fingerprint detection and in staining fatty tissue for optical and electron microscopy.
Even low concentrations in air can cause lung congestion, skin damage, or eye damage
Izotopoj
Stabilaj Izotopoj
184Os, 187Os, 188Os, 189Os, 190Os, 192OsMalstabilaj Isotopoj
161Os, 162Os, 163Os, 164Os, 165Os, 166Os, 167Os, 168Os, 169Os, 170Os, 171Os, 172Os, 173Os, 174Os, 175Os, 176Os, 177Os, 178Os, 179Os, 180Os, 181Os, 182Os, 183Os, 185Os, 186Os, 191Os, 193Os, 194Os, 195Os, 196Os