Silicio
14
Si
Grupo
14
Perio
3
Bloko
p
Protonoj
Elektronoj
Neŭtronoj
14
14
14
Ĝeneralaj Propraĵoj
Atoma Nombro
14
Atommaso
28,0855
Amasa Nombro
28
Kategorio
Metaloidoj
Koloro
Griza
Radioaktiva
Ne
De la Latina vorto silex, siliko
Kristala Strukturo
Tetrahedral Pakado
Historio
In 1800, Sir Humphry Davy thought silica to be a compound and not an element; but in 1811, Gay Lussac and Louis Jacques Thénard probably prepared impure amorphous silicon by heating potassium with silicon tetrafluoride.
In 1824 Jöns Jakob Berzelius prepared amorphous silicon by the same general method.
Henri Deville in 1854 first prepared crystalline silicon, the second allotropic form of the element.
In 1824 Jöns Jakob Berzelius prepared amorphous silicon by the same general method.
Henri Deville in 1854 first prepared crystalline silicon, the second allotropic form of the element.
Elektronoj per ŝelo
2, 8, 4
Elektrona Agordo
[Ne] 3s2 3p2
Silicon also has the unusual property that it expands as it freezes
Fizikaj Propraĵoj
Fazo
Solido
Denso
2,3296 g/cm3
Fandpunkto
1687,15 K | 1414 °C | 2577,2 °F
Bolpunkto
3538,15 K | 3265 °C | 5909 °F
Varmo de Fuzio
50,2 kJ/mol
Varmo de Vaporiĝo
359 kJ/mol
Specifa Varmo Kapacito
0,705 J/g·K
Krusta Abundo
27%
Universa Abundo
0,07%
CAS Nombro
7440-21-3
PubChem Kunmetita Identiga Nombro
5461123
Atomaj Propraĵoj
Atoma Radiuso
111 pm
Kovalenta Radiuso
111 pm
Elektronegativeco
1,9 (Pauling-skalo)
Potencialo de jonigo
8,1517 eV
Atoma Volumo
12,1 cm3/mol
Termika Kondukto
1,48 W/cm·K
Oksidaj Ŝtatoj
-4, -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4
Aplikoj
In the form of sand and clay it is used to make concrete and brick; it is a useful refractory material for high-temperature work, and in the form of silicates it is used in making enamels, pottery, etc.
Silica, as sand, is a principal ingredient of glass.
Silicon chips are the basis of modern electronic and computing.
Silicon carbide, more commonly called carborundum is used in abrasives.
Silica, as sand, is a principal ingredient of glass.
Silicon chips are the basis of modern electronic and computing.
Silicon carbide, more commonly called carborundum is used in abrasives.
If breathed in as a fine silica/silicate dust, it may cause chronic respiratory problems
Izotopoj
Stabilaj Izotopoj
28Si, 29Si, 30SiMalstabilaj Isotopoj
22Si, 23Si, 24Si, 25Si, 26Si, 27Si, 31Si, 32Si, 33Si, 34Si, 35Si, 36Si, 37Si, 38Si, 39Si, 40Si, 41Si, 42Si, 43Si, 44Si