Fosforo
15
P
Grupo
15
Perio
3
Bloko
p
Protonoj
Elektronoj
Neŭtronoj
15
15
16
Ĝeneralaj Propraĵoj
Atoma Nombro
15
Atommaso
30,973762
Amasa Nombro
31
Kategorio
Nemetaloj
Koloro
Senkolora
Radioaktiva
Ne
De la Greka vorto phosphoros, koloro de Marso antaŭ sunleviĝo
Kristala Strukturo
Simpla Trikliniko
Historio
Hennig Brand discovered phosphorus in 1669, in Hamburg, Germany, preparing it from urine.
In 1769, Johan Gottlieb Gahn and Carl Wilhelm Scheele showed that calcium phosphate is found in bones, and they obtained elemental phosphorus from bone ash.
Antoine Lavoisier recognized phosphorus as an element in 1777.
In 1769, Johan Gottlieb Gahn and Carl Wilhelm Scheele showed that calcium phosphate is found in bones, and they obtained elemental phosphorus from bone ash.
Antoine Lavoisier recognized phosphorus as an element in 1777.
Elektronoj per ŝelo
2, 8, 5
Elektrona Agordo
[Ne] 3s2 3p3
Elemental phosphorus exists in two major forms - white phosphorus and red phosphorus
Fizikaj Propraĵoj
Fazo
Solido
Denso
1,82 g/cm3
Fandpunkto
317,25 K | 44,1 °C | 111,38 °F
Bolpunkto
553 K | 279,85 °C | 535,73 °F
Varmo de Fuzio
0,64 kJ/mol
Varmo de Vaporiĝo
12,4 kJ/mol
Specifa Varmo Kapacito
0,769 J/g·K
Krusta Abundo
0,099%
Universa Abundo
0,0007%
CAS Nombro
7723-14-0
PubChem Kunmetita Identiga Nombro
5462309
Atomaj Propraĵoj
Atoma Radiuso
98 pm
Kovalenta Radiuso
107 pm
Elektronegativeco
2,19 (Pauling-skalo)
Potencialo de jonigo
10,4867 eV
Atoma Volumo
17,0 cm3/mol
Termika Kondukto
0,00235 W/cm·K
Oksidaj Ŝtatoj
-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Aplikoj
Many fertilisers contain a high proportion of phosphorus and are manufactured from concentrated phosphoric acids.
Phosphorus is used in the manufacture of safety matches, pyrotechnics and incendiary shells.
Phosphorus is also used in steel manufacture and in the production of phosphor bronze.
Phosphorus is used in the manufacture of safety matches, pyrotechnics and incendiary shells.
Phosphorus is also used in steel manufacture and in the production of phosphor bronze.
White phosphorus is highly toxic while red phosphorus is considered non-toxic
Izotopoj
Stabilaj Izotopoj
31PMalstabilaj Isotopoj
24P, 25P, 26P, 27P, 28P, 29P, 30P, 32P, 33P, 34P, 35P, 36P, 37P, 38P, 39P, 40P, 41P, 42P, 43P, 44P, 45P, 46P