Jodo
53
I
Grupo
17
Perio
5
Bloko
p
Protonoj
Elektronoj
Neŭtronoj
53
53
74
Ĝeneralaj Propraĵoj
Atoma Nombro
53
Atommaso
126,90447
Amasa Nombro
127
Kategorio
Halogenoj
Koloro
Ardezgriza
Radioaktiva
Ne
From the Greek word iodes, violet
Kristala Strukturo
Bazo Centrita Ortorombo
Historio
Iodine was discovered by French chemist Bernard Courtois in 1811.
He treated the liquor obtained from the extraction of kelp, with sulfuric acid to produce a vapour with a violet color.
In 1812, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac demonstrated that iodine was an element and its chemical relationship to chlorine.
He treated the liquor obtained from the extraction of kelp, with sulfuric acid to produce a vapour with a violet color.
In 1812, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac demonstrated that iodine was an element and its chemical relationship to chlorine.
Elektronoj per ŝelo
2, 8, 18, 18, 7
Elektrona Agordo
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5
Kelp was the main source of natural iodine in the 18th and 19th centuries
Fizikaj Propraĵoj
Fazo
Solido
Denso
4,93 g/cm3
Fandpunkto
386,85 K | 113,7 °C | 236,66 °F
Bolpunkto
457,4 K | 184,25 °C | 363,65 °F
Varmo de Fuzio
7,76 kJ/mol
Varmo de Vaporiĝo
20,9 kJ/mol
Specifa Varmo Kapacito
0,214 J/g·K
Krusta Abundo
0,000049%
Universa Abundo
1×10-7%
CAS Nombro
7553-56-2
PubChem Kunmetita Identiga Nombro
807
Atomaj Propraĵoj
Atoma Radiuso
140 pm
Kovalenta Radiuso
139 pm
Elektronegativeco
2,66 (Pauling-skalo)
Potencialo de jonigo
10,4513 eV
Atoma Volumo
25,74 cm3/mol
Termika Kondukto
0,00449 W/cm·K
Oksidaj Ŝtatoj
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
Aplikoj
Iodine compounds are important in organic chemistry and very useful in medicine.
A solution containing potassium iodide and iodine in alcohol is used to disinfect external wounds.
Silver iodide is a major ingredient to traditional photographic film.
Iodine is added to table salt to prevent thyroid disease.
A solution containing potassium iodide and iodine in alcohol is used to disinfect external wounds.
Silver iodide is a major ingredient to traditional photographic film.
Iodine is added to table salt to prevent thyroid disease.
Elemental iodine is toxic if taken orally
Izotopoj
Stabilaj Izotopoj
127IMalstabilaj Isotopoj
108I, 109I, 110I, 111I, 112I, 113I, 114I, 115I, 116I, 117I, 118I, 119I, 120I, 121I, 122I, 123I, 124I, 125I, 126I, 128I, 129I, 130I, 131I, 132I, 133I, 134I, 135I, 136I, 137I, 138I, 139I, 140I, 141I, 142I, 143I, 144I