Bismuto
83
Bi
Grupo
15
Perio
6
Bloko
p
Protonoj
Elektronoj
Neŭtronoj
83
83
126
Ĝeneralaj Propraĵoj
Atoma Nombro
83
Atommaso
208,9804
Amasa Nombro
209
Kategorio
Posttransiraj metaloj
Koloro
Griza
Radioaktiva
Ne
From the German Weisse Masse, meaning white mass
Kristala Strukturo
Bazo Centrita Monokliniko
Historio
Bismuth has been known since ancient times, so no one person is credited with its discovery.
The element was confused in early times with tin and lead because of its resemblance to those elements.
In 1753, French chemist Claude François Geoffroy demonstrated that this metal is distinct from lead and tin.
The element was confused in early times with tin and lead because of its resemblance to those elements.
In 1753, French chemist Claude François Geoffroy demonstrated that this metal is distinct from lead and tin.
Elektronoj per ŝelo
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
Elektrona Agordo
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
Bismuth has unusually high electrical resistance for a metal
Fizikaj Propraĵoj
Fazo
Solido
Denso
9,78 g/cm3
Fandpunkto
544,65 K | 271,5 °C | 520,7 °F
Bolpunkto
1837,15 K | 1564 °C | 2847,2 °F
Varmo de Fuzio
10,9 kJ/mol
Varmo de Vaporiĝo
160 kJ/mol
Specifa Varmo Kapacito
0,122 J/g·K
Krusta Abundo
2,5×10-6%
Universa Abundo
7×10-8%
CAS Nombro
7440-69-9
PubChem Kunmetita Identiga Nombro
5359367
Atomaj Propraĵoj
Atoma Radiuso
156 pm
Kovalenta Radiuso
148 pm
Elektronegativeco
2,02 (Pauling-skalo)
Potencialo de jonigo
7,2856 eV
Atoma Volumo
21,3 cm3/mol
Termika Kondukto
0,0797 W/cm·K
Oksidaj Ŝtatoj
-3, 3, 5
Aplikoj
Bismuth is used in producing malleable irons and is used as a catalyst for making acrylic fibers.
Bismuth oxychloride is used in cosmetics, as a pigment in paint for eye shadows, hair sprays and nail polishes.
It has also been used as a replacement for lead in shot, bullets and less-lethal riot gun ammunition.
Bismuth oxychloride is used in cosmetics, as a pigment in paint for eye shadows, hair sprays and nail polishes.
It has also been used as a replacement for lead in shot, bullets and less-lethal riot gun ammunition.
Bismuth is considered to be non-toxic
Izotopoj
Stabilaj Izotopoj
-Malstabilaj Isotopoj
184Bi, 185Bi, 186Bi, 187Bi, 188Bi, 189Bi, 190Bi, 191Bi, 192Bi, 193Bi, 194Bi, 195Bi, 196Bi, 197Bi, 198Bi, 199Bi, 200Bi, 201Bi, 202Bi, 203Bi, 204Bi, 205Bi, 206Bi, 207Bi, 208Bi, 209Bi, 210Bi, 211Bi, 212Bi, 213Bi, 214Bi, 215Bi, 216Bi, 217Bi, 218Bi